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| CREDIT "Microphotonics Group" | 
Abstract:
A team of researchers at the University of St. Andrews has developed one of the smallest optical switches ever made.
The technology may eventually be used in small consumer devices that connect every home or office to an optical fibre and supply high data rates, including television on demand
The researchers, based at the School of Physics and Astronomy and led by Professor Thomas Krauss, have used photonic crystal technology to reduce the size of the switch to only a few wavelengths of light.  Consequently, the entire switch is only about one tenth of the size of a human hair.
Professor Krauss explained, "The switch is aimed at applications in telecommunications where we foresee its use in routing of optical signals.
"The idea of using fibre in the home or office requires small optical circuits that operate with low power.  When these can be mass-produced in a cost-effective way it helps to keep the cost of the products down.
"At the moment, optical switches tend to be millimetres in size.  It is difficult to state which is the smallest optical switch ever made - but this is certainly one of them." 
The team inspecting one of their devices. (from left) T.F. Krauss, L. O'Faolain, T.P. White and D. Beggs.
By focussing on silicon as the material platform, the photonic devices developed by the group can be mass-produced in a similar way as computer chips for the microelectronics industry, and integrated with electronic circuitry on the same chip.
The group aims to address the increasing need for optical components at all levels of the communications network that carries the ever-increasing flow of data over the internet.
The work is part of the UK Silicon Photonics project, a consortium led by Surrey University, which has just received a funding boost from EPSRC, with £1.4M awarded to St. Andrews.
NOTE TO EDITORS: Professor Thomas Krauss is available for interview on 44 01334 463107.
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About University of St Andrews
St Andrews is Scotland's first University and the third oldest in the UK. For almost six centuries, we have proudly upheld the tradition of academic excellence, attracting scholars of international repute and students from all over the world.
Today, we continue to offer the latest in teaching and research, all within a superbly picturesque mediaeval setting. Although St Andrews is not a campus University, it has grown and developed with the town and is now comfortably integrated.
Owing to the size of St Andrews, students feel they belong here and enjoy the benefits of studying at a highly residential University where academic and social lives intermingle.
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